Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry that is
primarily associated with the diagnosis and correction of misaligned teeth and
jaws. The objective of an orthodontic treatment is to adjust the placement of
crooked teeth to fashion a smile that is pleasant and picture-perfect. Also,
such treatments ensure that the teeth fit together correctly for appropriate
oral hygiene, keeping periodontal disease and tooth decay at bay.
Who needs
orthodontic treatment?
Abnormal development and arrangement of the teeth, as well as
the jaw, can affect the overall shape of the face. An orthodontist carries a
special clinical exam that includes diagnostic tools, such as X-rays and
plaster models to decide whether a patient needs an orthodontic treatment or
not.
The most
common cases for orthodontic treatments are:
Overbite: Also known as ‘buck teeth’, where the upper front
teeth appear to stick out over the lower teeth
Underbite: Refers to the ‘bulldog’ appearance, where the
upper teeth are placed too far back than the lower teeth
Crossbite: An alignment where the upper teeth are placed
slightly over the teeth at the bottom
Open Bite: When there is an apparent gap or space between the
front upper and lower teeth upon biting them together
Misplaced Midline: When the centers of the upper and lower
front teeth do not match each other
Spacing: Any sort of gaps or spaces between the teeth
Crowding: When there are too many teeth in the mouth as
compared to the size of the jaws
Common
Orthodontic Treatments
There are different types of appliances that put gentle
pressure on the jaws and teeth to help them move.
Fixed Appliances: Braces (with bands, brackets and wire) is
one of the most practiced orthodontic treatments.
Removable Appliances: It includes orthodontic devices, such
as aligners, retainers, lip and cheek bumpers, palatal expander, headgear and
jaw repositioning tools.
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